Scientific research and development (PKD division 72)
Industry statistics (2025)
Number of companies
Companies
51,876
Companies (primary PKD)
4,306
Companies with financials
3,036
Business turnover
Legal structure
Legal formShare of companiesNumber of companies
- Sp. z o.o.52.9%5,216
- JDG29.2%2,876
- Foundation6.2%607
- Sp. j.2.5%245
- S.A.2.3%230
- Other2.2%218
- Association1.7%165
- P.S.A.1.6%160
- Sp. k.1.2%114
- Sp. p.0.1%8
- Cooperative0.0%3
Financial results
The calculation excludes new companies that pull financial results down. Only firms with a filing in the previous year are included, so market trends are easier to read.
Median revenue
Ranking
Median revenue compared with other PKD codes.
Top companies by revenue
| # | Company | Legal form | Revenue | Net profit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Research institute | USD 809.70m | USD 24.46m | |
| 2 | sp. z o.o. | USD 464.04m | USD 53.24m | |
| 3 | Research institute | USD 415.31m | USD -2.38m | |
| 4 | Research institute | USD 354.37m | USD 14.67k | |
| 5 | S.A. | USD 310.26m | USD 141.13m | |
| 6 | Research institute | USD 247.20m | USD -980.91k | |
| 7 | Research institute | USD 208.09m | USD -15.42m | |
| 8 | Research institute | USD 205.93m | USD 15.93m | |
| 9 | S.A. | USD 203.70m | USD -2.49m | |
| 10 | Research institute | USD 145.92m | USD -6.76m |
Fastest-growing companies
| # | Company | Legal form | Revenue | Y/Y growth |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sp. z o.o. | USD 464.04m | +111,801.2% y/y | |
| 2 | sp. z o.o. | USD 3.32m | +4,018.5% y/y | |
| 3 | sp. z o.o. | USD 4.01m | +1,165.7% y/y | |
| 4 | sp. z o.o. | USD 915.04k | +909.8% y/y | |
| 5 | S.A. | USD 2.98m | +890.1% y/y | |
| 6 | sp. z o.o. | USD 5.88m | +829.8% y/y | |
| 7 | sp. z o.o. | USD 2.15m | +827.1% y/y | |
| 8 | sp. z o.o. | USD 1.70m | +589.7% y/y | |
| 9 | S.A. | USD 678.90k | +578.2% y/y | |
| 10 | sp. z o.o. | USD 8.33m | +551.1% y/y |
Stock market
10 companies from this industry are listed.
| Company | Ticker | Market | Price | Change | Market cap |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S2B | GPW Main Market | PLN 64.20 | +1.42% | USD 140.10m | |
| RVU | GPW Main Market | PLN 16.90 | -1.74% | USD 97.68m | |
| BCX | GPW Main Market | PLN 69.20 | -0.57% | USD 95.71m | |
| CTX | GPW Main Market | PLN 59.60 | -0.67% | USD 94.67m | |
| SLV | GPW Main Market | PLN 20.00 | -3.38% | USD 91.78m | |
| XTP | GPW Main Market | PLN 73.50 | -0.81% | USD 54.20m | |
| MOC | GPW Main Market | PLN 6.38 | -2.30% | USD 39.43m | |
| MAB | GPW Main Market | PLN 7.97 | +0.89% | USD 32.20m | |
| KOR | NewConnect | PLN 12.30 | -1.60% | USD 15.18m | |
| GEN | NewConnect | PLN 40.80 | +3.03% | USD 13.48m |
PKD codes in division 72
FAQ
The primary industry for 4,306 companies is scientific research and development. 3,036 entities have filed financial statements.
So far in 2026, 528 new companies with PKD 72 have been registered. In all of 2025, there were 597 such companies.
So far in 2026, 20 companies with PKD 72 have been deregistered. In all of 2025, there were 43 such companies.
In 2025, the median revenue for PKD 72 was USD 96.74k and the mean revenue was USD 4.13m, based on 1,844 financial statements. Averages and medians include only companies that file financial statements, excluding sole proprietorships.
Yes, in 2025, the median net profit was USD 629.00, an improvement on 2024 (USD 0.00). Among all 678 PKD divisions in Poland, it ranks 573rd, placing it among the weakest 15%.
The most common legal form for PKD 72 is sp. z o.o., used by 5,216 companies in this industry (52.9% of the total). In second place is a sole proprietorship (2,876 companies, 29.2%), and in third place – a foundation (607 companies, 6.2%).




















